The medieval and even earlier archeological strata under the royal hills of Tsarevets and Trapezitsa, in the city of Veliko Tarnovo, the capital of the Second Bulgarian Kingdom, continue to surprise researchers with treasures. “For three years of excavation works in the medieval monastery complex of Sts Peter and Paul in Veliko Tarnovo, archeologists have…
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The Crusades were a major development on the medieval European scene, but their effect was, in the end, ephemeral. The forces of Christendom conquered Jerusalem in July 1099, but losses piled up after that. In 1187, Jerusalem fell to the resurgent forces of Islam under Saladin, and, in 1290, Christians had to abandon their last…
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